States Of Australia

States and territories of Australia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Commonwealth of Australia is made up of 8 states and territories controlled ... See also: List of State Codes. Australia has had two now-defunct ...
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States snd Territories in Australia
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The states and territories of Australia make up the Australia under a federalism system of government.

States and territories of Australia States {| class="wikitable"|width="200px"| State|width="100px" align="center"| Abbreviation ||width="150px"| Capital|-| New South Wales|-| [Queensland|-| [South Australia|-| [Tasmania|-| [Victoria (Australia)|align="center"| VIC || Melbourne|align="center"| WA || [Perth, Western Australia|}

Territories Mainland {| class="wikitable"|width="200px"| Territory|width="100px" align="center"| Abbreviation ||width="150px"| Capital|-| Australian Capital Territory|-| [Jervis Bay Territory|align="center"| NT || [Darwin, Northern Territory|}From 1926 to 1931, Central Australia existed as a separate territory between the 20th and 26th parallels of latitude, before being reincorporated into the Northern Territory.

External

Ashmore and Cartier Islands
Australian Antarctic Territory
Norfolk Island
Christmas Island
Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Coral Sea Islands Territory
Heard Island and McDonald Islands

Former

Territory of North Australia (1927-32)
Territory of Central Australia (1927-31)
Territory of Papua (1902-49)
Territory of New Guinea (1920-49)
Territory of Papua and New Guinea (1949-72)

Background and overview The states originated as separate British colonies prior to Federation (in 1901). Their powers are protected by the Constitution of Australia, and Commonwealth legislation only applies to the states where permitted by the constitution. The territories, by contrast, are from a constitutional perspective directly subject to the Commonwealth government. The Australian Parliament has powers to legislate in the territories that it does not possess in the states.

Most of the territories are directly administered by the Commonwealth government, while three (the Northern Territory, the Australian Capital Territory and Norfolk Island) administer themselves. In the self-governing territories the Australian Parliament retains the full power to legislate, and can override laws made by the territorial institutions, which it has done on rare occasions. For the purposes of Australian (and joint Australia-New Zealand) intergovernmental bodies, the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory are treated as states.

Furthermore, the distribution of powers between the Commonwealth and the territories is different from that between the Commonwealth and the states. In the Northern Territory, the Commonwealth retains the power to directly administer uranium mining and indigenous Australians lands - powers which it does not possess with respect to the states.

Each state has a Governors of the Australian states, appointed by the Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom, which by convention she does on the advice of the state Premier. The Administrators of the Northern Territory and of Norfolk Island are, by contrast, appointed by the Governor-General of Australia. The Australian Capital Territory has neither a Governor nor Administrator, but the Governor-General exercises some powers that in other jurisdictions are exercised by the Governor of a state or Administrator of a territory, such as the power to dissolve the Legislative Assembly.

Each state has a bicameral Parliament except Queensland, which abolished its upper house in 1922. The lower house is called the Legislative Assembly, except in South Australia and Tasmania, where it is called the House of Assembly. Tasmania is the only state to use proportional representation for elections to its lower house; all others elect members from single member constituencies, using the alternative vote. The upper house is called the Legislative Council, and is generally elected from multi-member constituencies using proportional representation. The three self-governing territories, the ACT, the Northern Territory and Norfolk Island, have unicameral Legislative Assemblies.

The head of government of each state is called the Premier, appointed by the state's Governor. In normal circumstances the Governor will appoint as Premier whoever leads the party or coalition which exercises control of the lower house (in the case of Queensland, the only house) of the state Parliament. However, in times of constitutional crisis, the Governor can appoint someone else as Premier. The head of government of the self-governing internal territories is called the Chief Minister. The Northern Territory's Chief Minister, in normal circumstances whoever controls the Legislative Assembly, is appointed by the Administrator.

Comparative terminology {| style="border:1px solid #aaa; border-collapse:collapse;" border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0"|- style="background:#cccccc;"!rowspan="1"| Entity!rowspan="1"| Executive!rowspan="1"| Head of Government!colspan="1"| Upper House of Parliament!colspan="1"| Lower House of Parliament!colspan="2"| Member of Parliament*|- style="background:#efefef;"!rowspan="1" | Parliament of Australia!rowspan="1" | Governor-General!rowspan="1" | Prime Minister!rowpos="3" colpos="4"| Senate!rowpos="3" colpos="5"| House of Representatives!rowpos="3" colpos="6"| Senator!rowpos="3" colpos="6"| MP|- style="background:#f9f9f9;"!| Parliament of New South Wales|rowspan="6"| Governor|rowspan="6"| Premier|rowspan="2"| Legislative Council|rowspan="3"| Legislative Assembly|rowspan="2"| MLC|rowspan="2"| MLA|- style="background:#f9f9f9;"!| Parliament of Victoria|- style="background:#f9f9f9;"!| Parliament of Queensland| Abolished (1922)| None| MP|- style="background:#f9f9f9;"!| Parliament of South Australia|rowspan="3"| Legislative Council|rowspan="2"| House of Assembly|rowspan="3"| MLC|rowspan="2"| MHA|- style="background:#f9f9f9;"!| Tasmania|rowspan="4"| Legislative Assembly|rowspan="4"| MLA|- style="background:#f9f9f9;"!| [Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly| Chief Minister|rowspan="3"| Chief Minister|rowspan="5"| None|rowspan="5"| None|- style="background:#f9f9f9;"!| Northern Territory Legislative Assembly|rowspan="4"| Administrator|- style="background:#f9f9f9;"!| Norfolk Legislative Assembly|- style="background:#f9f9f9;"!| Shire of Christmas Island|rowspan="2"| Mayor/Shire President|rowspan="2"| Shire Council|rowspan="2"| Councillor|- style="background:#f9f9f9;"!| Shire of Cocos|- style="background: #f9f9f9;"|rowspan="1" colspan="7"| *Note: The abbreviation 'MP is an acceptable, and indeed more common term for members of each lower house.|}

State governors and territorial administrators {||width="250px"| Post|width="370px"| Appointee|width="100px"| Appointed|-| Governor of New South Wales AC CVO| March 2001|-| [Governor of Victoria AC| April 2006|-| [Governor of South Australia AC CVO MBE| November 2001|-| [Governor of Queensland AC| July 2003|-| [Governor of Tasmania AC RFD ED| December 2004|-| [Governor of Western Australia AC| October 2005|-| [Administrator of the Northern Territory of Australia| Mr Ted Egan AO]| The Hon Grant Tambling|rowspan="2"| The Hon [Neil Lucas PSM]|}

Premiers and Chief Ministers of states and territories {||width="320px"| Post|width="170px"| Appointee|width="130px" align="center"| Political party|width="100px"| Appointed|-| Chief Minister for the Northern Territory of Australia MLA|align="center"| ALP| August 2001|-| [Chief Minister of the Australian Capital Territory MLA|align="center"| ALP| November 2001|-| [Premier of South Australia MHA|align="center"| ALP| March 2002|-| [Premier of Tasmania MHA|align="center"| ALP| March 2004|-| [Premier of New South Wales MLA|align="center"| ALP| August 2005|-| [Premier of Western Australia MLA|align="center"| ALP| January 2006|-| [Chief Minister of Norfolk Island MLA|align="centre"|| March 2007|-| [Premier of Victoria MLA|align="center"| ALP| July 2007|-| [Premier of Queensland MP|align="center"| [Australian Labor Party| September 2007|}

State and territorial parliaments

Parliament of New South Wales
Parliament of Queensland
Parliament of South Australia
Parliament of Tasmania
Parliament of Victoria
Parliament of Western Australia
Northern Territory Legislative Assembly
Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly
Norfolk Legislative Assembly

State and territory police forces

Australian Capital Territory Police
New South Wales Police
Northern Territory Police
Queensland Police
South Australia Police
Tasmania Police
Victoria Police
Western Australia Police

Statistics {| class="wikitable sortable" style="border:1px solid #aaa; border-collapse:collapse; text-align:right;" border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0"|- align="center" bgcolor="#cccccc"|width="24%"| State/territory|width="15%"| Land area (Square kilometre) ||width="4%"| Rank|width="15%"| Population (2004) ||width="4%"| Rank|width="15%"| Population density (/km²) ||width="4%"| Rank|width="15%"| % of population in capital ||width="4%"| Rank|-|align="left"| Australian Capital Territory| 800,642 || 5th| 6,760,000 || 1st || 8.44 || 3rd || 63% || 5th|-|align="left"| [Victoria (Australia)| 227,416 || 6th| 5,002,300 || 2nd || 22 || 2nd || 71% || 4th|-|align="left"| Queensland| 983,482 || 4th| 1,537,900 || 5th || 1.56 || 6th || 73.5% || 2nd|-|align="left"| [Western Australia| 68,401 || 7th| 484,000 || 6th || 7.08 || 4th || 41% || 8th|-|align="left"| [Northern Territory| 1,349,129 || 3rd| 200,800 || 8th || 0.15 || 8th || 54% || 6th|}

Distance table Distance Table AustraliaAdelaide2673Albany15333588Alice Springs15783633443Ayers Rock2045434930383254Brisbane24831943248312233317Broome335256562457290017162496Cairns1196384637062751126132752568Canberra30224614148919323463180328824195Darwin10013674253425791944363632519184023Hobart321937871686212936601045307943928274220Kununurra278350872505294897628407401999293026823127Mackay731340422642309167431242981648375327039502412Melbourne2742510612091652182918341248256116343075183112962805Mount Isa2781409369637414457238957643954420537823378519535124905Perth, Western Australia1412397038302875100133732495286403411424516192687224004078Sydneydistance in Kilometre.

State and territory codes {| style="border:1px solid #aaa; border-collapse:collapse; text-align:center;" border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0"|- style="background:#cccccc;"|rowspan="2"| State/Territory|colspan="3"| Callsigns|rowspan="2" width="80px"| Postcodes]s ||colspan="2"| Time zone/[FM radio|width="60px"| Television|width="60px"| Amateur radio|width="60px"| Std|width="60px"| Daylight saving time|-| Australian Capital Territory| 1xx(x) || xx(x)Cn || VK1xx| 02nn*, 26nn, 29nn || 02 || +10 || +11|-| New South Wales| 2xx(x) || xx(x)Nn || VK2xx| 1nnn*, 2nnn || 02 || +10 || +11|-| Victoria| 3xx(x) || xx(x)Vn || VK3xx| 3nnn, 8nnn* || 03 || +10 || +11|-| Queensland| 4xx(x) || xx(x)Qn || VK4xx| 4nnn, 9nnn* || 07 ||colspan="2"| +10|-| South Australia| 5xx(x) || xx(x)Sn || VK5xx| 5nnn || 08 || +9½ || +10½|-| Western Australia| 6xx(x) || xx(x)Wn || VK6xx| 6nnn || 08 || +8 || +9|-| Tasmania| 7xx(x) || xx(x)Tn || VK7xx| 7nnn || 03 || +10 || +11|-| Northern Territory| 8xx(x) || xx(x)Dn || VK8xx| 08nn || 08 ||colspan="2"| +9½|-|colspan="8" align="left" bgcolor="#cccccc"| External Territories|-| Norfolk Island| 2xx(x) || ||rowspan="3"| VK9xx|| (NSW) || +672 3 ||colspan="2"| +11½|-| Christmas Island| || ||rowspan="2"| (WA)|rowspan="2"| (WA) ||colspan="2"| +7|-| Cocos Island| || ||colspan="2"| +6½|-| Australian Antarctic Territory|colspan="2"| none ||rowspan="2"| VK0xx|rowspan="2"| (Tas) ||rowspan="2"| +672 1 ||colspan="2"| +6 to +8|-| Macquarie Island|colspan="2"| none| +10 || +11|-|colspan="8" align="left"| |}

See also

ISO 3166-2:AU, the ISO codes for the states and territories of Australia.
Proposals for new Australian States
List of regions in Australia
Territorial evolution of Australia
Australian regional rivalries
Provinces and territories of Canada (for comparison)

External links

Maps of Australia
CityMayors article

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